Black pepper is grown on the east coast of Madagascar in the Mahanoro and Nosy Varika regions. The pepper seeds grow in clusters, which are harvested twice a year when they reach maturity.
Madagascar's unique characteristic, almost unique in the world, is that it is home to three cultivated cocoa varieties, including the "Criollo" variety
The large clove plantations are located on the east coast of Madagascar. The flower buds of the clove trees are picked before maturity and then sun-dried to produce cloves.